process

In Linux/Unix-like OS, a process is a program in execution. It's a running instance of an executable file. When you run a command, a new process is created, and the system provides it with the necessary resources and services to execute the command.


Advanced reader:

A process is an address space where one one more thread executing.

Process Types

  • Based on how the process created/executed
    • Shell Jobs
    • Foreground Processes
    • Background Processes
    • Daemons
  • Based on Relationship
    • Parent process
    • Child Process
    • Zombie Process
    • Orphan Process

Process State

  • Running
  • Waiting/Sleeping
  • Stopped
  • Zombie

Process Properties/Characteristics

The Process Properties can be devided into 3 types

  1. Process Identity
    • Process ID (PID)
    • Parent Process ID (PPID)
    • User ID (UID)
    • Group ID (GID)
  2. Process Environment
    • Nice Value
    • TTY
    • Command while creation
  3. Process Context
    • Process State
    • Memory Uses
    • CPU Uses
    • Priority
    • Start Time

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